Explain @Controller and @RestController.

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In Spring MVC, @Controller and @RestController are used to define classes that handle HTTP requests, but they differ in how responses are processed.

1. @Controller

   • Used for web applications that return views (HTML, JSP, Thymeleaf).

   • Methods return a view name, and data is added to the Model for rendering.

   • If you want to return raw data (JSON/XML), you must annotate methods with @ResponseBody.

   • Example:

     @Controller
     public class HomeController {
         @GetMapping("/home")
         public String home(Model model) {
             model.addAttribute("msg", "Hello World");
             return "home";
         }
     }
     

2. @RestController

   • Specialized version of @Controller for REST APIs.

   • Combines @Controller + @ResponseBody, so all methods return data directly (JSON/XML) instead of views.

   • Example:

     @RestController
     public class ApiController {
         @GetMapping("/greet")
         public String greet() {
             return "Hello API";
         }
     }
     

Summary: Use @Controller for web pages, @RestController for RESTful APIs.

Read More :

How does Spring MVC handle web requests?

What is the DispatcherServlet?

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