What are ResultSet and ResultSetMetaData?

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In Java JDBC, ResultSet and ResultSetMetaData are used to handle and understand the results of SQL queries.

1. ResultSet

An object that stores the data retrieved from the database after executing a query.
Returned by executeQuery() method.
Works like a cursor, allowing you to iterate through rows of data.
Example:

java
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT id, name FROM users");
while (rs.next()) {
    int id = rs.getInt("id");
    String name = rs.getString("name");
}

Provides getter methods (getInt(), getString(), etc.) to access column values by name or index.

2. ResultSetMetaData

An object that provides information about the structure of the ResultSet.
Gives details like column count, column names, data types, etc.
Obtained by calling rs.getMetaData().
Example:

java
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
int columns = rsmd.getColumnCount();
for (int i = 1; i <= columns; i++) {
    System.out.println(rsmd.getColumnName(i) + " - " + rsmd.getColumnTypeName(i));
}

Key Difference

Feature	ResultSet	ResultSetMetaData
Purpose	Holds query data	Holds data about the data
Usage	Retrieve values	Retrieve column info
Source	Query execution	From ResultSet object

In short, ResultSet is the actual data, and ResultSetMetaData is the data about that data.

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